{"id":5945,"date":"2023-05-18T16:40:50","date_gmt":"2023-05-18T08:40:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ray-tron.com\/?p=5945"},"modified":"2023-09-01T14:04:54","modified_gmt":"2023-09-01T06:04:54","slug":"ele5806","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ray-tron.com\/en\/ele5806\/","title":{"rendered":"How do solar photovoltaic cells work?"},"content":{"rendered":"

When sunlight shines on the semiconductor pn junction, a new hole-electron pair is formed. Under the action of the electric field of the pn junction, the hole flows from the n region to the p region, and the electron flows from the p region to the n region, forming a current after connecting the circuit. This is the photoelectric effect.Solar Cells<\/a>Working principle.<\/p>\n

Solar Photovoltaic<\/a>There are two ways to generate electricity, one is the photothermal-electric conversion method, and the other is direct photovoltaic conversion.<\/p>\n

(1) Photothermal-electric conversion is the use of thermal energy generated by solar radiation to generate electricity. Generally, the absorbed heat energy is converted into steam through a solar collector, which then drives a turbine to generate electricity. The former process is the photothermal conversion process; the latter process is the thermal-electric conversion process, which is the same as ordinary thermal power generation. The disadvantages of CSP are its low efficiency and high cost. It is estimated that the investment is at least 5 to 10 times that of an ordinary thermal power plant. A 1000MW CSP power plant requires an investment of US$2 to 2.5 billion, with an average investment of US$2,000 to 2,500 per kW. Therefore, it can only be used on a small scale in special occasions. Large-scale use is not economically viable and cannot compete with ordinary thermal power plants or nuclear power plants.<\/p>\n

(2) Direct light-to-electricity conversion uses the photoelectric effect to convert solar radiation directly into electrical energy. The basic device for light-to-electricity conversion isSolar Cells<\/a>. A solar cell is a device that converts solar energy directly into electrical energy due to the photoelectric effect. It is a semiconductor photodiode. When sunlight shines on the photodiode, the photodiode converts the sun's light energy into electrical energy and generates an electric current. When many cells are connected in series or in parallel, they can become a solar cell array with a relatively large output power. Solar cells are a promising new power source with three major advantages: safety, cleanliness, and flexibility. Solar cells have a long lifespan. As long as the sun exists, solar cells can be put into use once and for a long time. Compared with thermal power generation and nuclear power generation, solar cells do not cause environmental pollution. Solar cells can be used in large, small, medium, and large power stations, ranging from a medium-sized power station of 1 million kilowatts to a small one-family home with solar panels, which is unmatched by other power sources.<\/p>\n

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When sunlight shines on the semiconductor pn junction, a new hole-electron pair is formed. Under the electric field of the pn junction, the hole flows from the n region to the p region, and the electron flows from the p region [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[253,232],"class_list":["post-5945","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog","tag-blog","tag-guangfuzujian"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ray-tron.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5945","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ray-tron.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ray-tron.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ray-tron.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ray-tron.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5945"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.ray-tron.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5945\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ray-tron.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5945"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ray-tron.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5945"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ray-tron.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5945"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}